Abstract: Soil fumigation is an effective method for preventing soil-borne diseases. Chemical fumigants can kill pathogenic microorganisms. However, it is also harmful to the composition and activity of beneficial microbial communities. Microbial fertilizers can not only reduce the infestation of crop diseases and insect pests, but also improve the quality and yield of agricultural products. The combination of soil fumigants and microbial fertilizers will be beneficial to the continuous restoration of soil after fumigation, soil-plant micro-ecological environment improvement and remodeling. On one hand, the soil fumigants are used to eliminate the soil pathogens left over from the previous crops, which will disinfect the soil. On the other hand, the input of microbial manures bring beneficial microorganisms to the "pure" soil environment and guide the formation of soil micro-ecological environment (soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial community structure) which will be beneficial to the growth of plant. This article reviewed the research progress of soil fumigants, microbial fertilizers and microbial fertilizers applied after fumigation on soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme system and soil microbial community changes. This review systematically analyzed the effects of microbial fertilizers on soil microenvironment changes after treated with fumigant, in order to provide relevant theoretical and technical references for solving continuous cropping obstacles, preventing soil-borne diseases, and restoring plant rhizosphere function.