Abstract:
Pomacea canaliculata, golden apple snail, has been listed as one of the 100 most destructive invasive alien species in the world by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Recently, tea saponin, a botanical pesticide, has been reported to show effective molluscicidal activity. However, safety evaluation of tea saponin to environment is scarce. In this work, the toxicity of tea saponin to
P. canaliculata was tested in the lab and the safety evaluation of tea saponin against three aquatic organisms was investigated. In addition, the field control efficacy of tea saponin to
P. canaliculata was evaluated. The results showed that tea saponin was effective to
P. canaliculata under the conditions of lab, and the LC
50 values (all of the following values are shown in the form of active ingredients) against late adult, early adult and larvae snails were 2.61, 2.39 and 2.68 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, tea saponin showed low toxicity to
Daphnia magna (EC
50 of 17.77 mg/L) and moderate toxicity to
Barchydonio rerio (LC
50 of 1.76 mg/L). Tea saponin could also promote the growth of
Selenastrum capricornutum at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Application of tea saponin at dosages of 2.03, 2.25 and 2.48 kg/hm
2 resulted in a corrected control efficacy of higher than 90% to
P. canaliculata in the field, which showed similar control effect to that of commercialized molluscicides, metaldehyde with 0.45 kg/hm
2 and niclosamide ethanolamine with 0.57 kg/hm
2. The present results will pave the way for the effective management of
P. canaliculata with tea saponin in the field.
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