李涛, 孟丹丹, 杨伟萍, 郭水良, 范洁群. 甲基二磺隆对小麦药害的早期诊断[J]. 农药学学报, 2022, 24(4): 805-811. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0041
    引用本文: 李涛, 孟丹丹, 杨伟萍, 郭水良, 范洁群. 甲基二磺隆对小麦药害的早期诊断[J]. 农药学学报, 2022, 24(4): 805-811. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0041
    LI Tao, MENG Dandan, YANG Weiping, GUO Shuiliang, FAN Jiequn. Early diagnosis of mesosulfuron-methyl phytotoxicity on wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2022, 24(4): 805-811. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0041
    Citation: LI Tao, MENG Dandan, YANG Weiping, GUO Shuiliang, FAN Jiequn. Early diagnosis of mesosulfuron-methyl phytotoxicity on wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2022, 24(4): 805-811. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0041

    甲基二磺隆对小麦药害的早期诊断

    Early diagnosis of mesosulfuron-methyl phytotoxicity on wheat

    • 摘要: 对当茬和后茬作物的药害是磺酰脲类除草剂应用的重要限制因素。甲基二磺隆是麦田常用的磺酰脲类除草剂之一,为了早期诊断其对小麦的药害,采用温室盆栽试验测定了不同剂量甲基二磺隆对小麦株高、地上部分鲜重、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素含量、最大光量子产量(Fv/Fm)和根系形态的影响。结果表明:30 g/L甲基二磺隆可分散油悬浮剂(OD)按有效成分剂量9~45 g/hm2施用后10 d,小麦才表现出肉眼可见的矮化和生长抑制症状;但其MDA含量、Pro含量、可溶性糖含量、Fv/Fm和根系形态在喷施甲基二磺隆后5 d就已经表现出明显的变化,其中小麦MDA和Pro含量随甲基二磺隆施用剂量的加大而增加,当施药剂量≥27 g/hm2时,MDA和Pro含量均显著高于清水对照;可溶性糖和Fv/Fm对甲基二磺隆胁迫的响应更敏感,当施药剂量≥9 g/hm2时,可溶性糖含量显著高于清水对照,而Fv/Fm则显著低于清水对照;喷施甲基二磺隆9~45 g/hm2各剂量处理均可抑制小麦根尖数、总根长、总根表面积和总根体积。综合以上结果,MDA、Pro、可溶性糖、Fv/Fm和根系形态可作为早期诊断甲基二磺隆对小麦药害的敏感指标。

       

      Abstract: The phytotoxicity to current and subsequent crops is an important factor affecting the application of sulfonylurea herbicides. Mesosulfuron-methyl is one of the commonly used herbicides in wheat fields. For early diagnosis of phytotoxicity on wheat by mesosulfuron-methyl, the plant height, shoot fresh weight, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline (Pro) content, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, and root morphology were determined by a dose-response experiment in the greenhouse. The results showed that the wheat seedlings did not show dwarfing and inhibition until 10 days after mesosulfuron-methyl 30g/L OD (9-45 g/hm2) application. However, the contents of MDA, Pro, and soluble sugar, Fv/Fm, and root morphology had shown obvious changes 5 days after mesosulfuron-methyl application. The contents of MDA and Pro increased with the increase of mesosulfuron-methyl dosages. After being treated with mesosulfuron-methyl at 27 g/hm2 or more, the contents of MDA and Pro were significantly higher than control. The content of soluble sugar and Fv/Fm were more sensitive to the stress of mesosulfuron-methyl. After being treated with mesosulfuron-methyl at 9 g/hm2 or more, the soluble sugar content was significantly higher than control, while the Fv/Fm was significantly lower than control. Mesosulfuron-methyl applied at 9-45 g/hm2 also reduced the number of root tips, total root length, total root surface area, and total root volume of wheat seedlings. MDA, Pro, soluble sugar, Fv/Fm, and root morphology can be used as sensitive indicators for early diagnosis of mesosulfuron-methyl phytotoxicity on wheat seedlings.

       

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