Preparation, properties and safety evaluation of mesoporous silica particles loaded with prochloraz

Mesoporous silica particles (MSNs) can be used as carriers to prepare pesticides controlled release formulations with high drug loading, thus reducing pesticide use and protecting the ecological environment. In this study, mesoporous silica particles loaded with prochloraz (prochloraz@MSNs) were prepared using the one-pot method. Their morphology, drug loading rate, release behavior, antibacterial activity and safety to non-target organisms were systematically studied. The results show that the prepared prochloraz@MSNs had a regular spherical shape and uniform particle size, with an average particle size of about 240 nm and a drug loading rate of 40.6%. The release rate was related to pH and temperature, and acid, alkaline and high-temperature conditions facilitated pesticide release. Compared with emulsifiable concentrate (EC), prochloraz@MSNs had better control effects on Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusahum graminearum, with prolonged effective duration. Prochloraz@MSNs also had low toxicity to zebrafish, earthworm and human BEAS-2B cells. Therefore, prochloraz@MSNs has great potential as an efficient, low toxic and safe pesticide formulation for sustainable management of plant diseases.