Abstract: An analytical method with high performance liquid chromatography detection was established to determine chlorantraniliprole residues in soil, plant(aerial parts of sugarcane which stem and leaves are included) and stem(aerial parts of sugarcane without leaves) of sugarcane. Residues and dissipation of chlorantraniliprole in sugarcane and soil were investigated. Chlorantraniliprole residues were extracted with acetonitrile, then cleaned up on florisil based solid phase extraction column and by primary secondary amine(PSA), followed by determining with liquid chromatography equipped with a UV detector. The results showed that the recoveries of chlorantraniliprole in soil and sugarcane were 77%-97% at three fortification levels ranging from 0.05 to 2 mg/kg, with the relative standard deviations of 3.4%-11.6%. Limit of detection (LOD) of the method was 0.2 ng and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.05 mg/kg for all these matrices. Field experiments showed that the initial residues were 1.18-3.57 mg/kg and the half lives of chlorantraniliprole were 12.4-18.2 d, when 0.4% chlorantraniliprole granules(120, 180 g a.i./hm2) was applied into the ditch when planting the sugarcane. The residues in stems of sugarcane were lower than 0.05 mg/kg at harvest time. According to the temporay maximum residue limit (TMRL) for sugarcane (0.05 mg/kg) in China, chlorantraniliprole applied once at recommended dosage and 1.5 times formed acceptable residues in sugarcane.