赵克非, 吴天岳, 马悦, 李子璐, 高玉霞, 杜凤沛. 高效叶面沉积的功能化农药递送体系研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2022, 24(5): 1049-1064. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0061
    引用本文: 赵克非, 吴天岳, 马悦, 李子璐, 高玉霞, 杜凤沛. 高效叶面沉积的功能化农药递送体系研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2022, 24(5): 1049-1064. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0061
    ZHAO Kefei, WU Tianyue, MA Yue, LI Zilu, GAO Yuxia, DU Fengpei. Research progress of functionalized carriers in improving the pesticide retention on crop leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2022, 24(5): 1049-1064. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0061
    Citation: ZHAO Kefei, WU Tianyue, MA Yue, LI Zilu, GAO Yuxia, DU Fengpei. Research progress of functionalized carriers in improving the pesticide retention on crop leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2022, 24(5): 1049-1064. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0061

    高效叶面沉积的功能化农药递送体系研究进展

    Research progress of functionalized carriers in improving the pesticide retention on crop leaves

    • 摘要: 农药在靶标表面的持留与沉积是剂量传递中的重要过程,直接关系到农药剂量传递效率和生态环境安全。目前我国农药在施用过程中界面传递环节损失较大,导致农药利用率低下,因此,如何通过合理的科学手段增加农药的叶面沉积效率,对改善农药流失具有重要的意义,也是当前我国农业发展的重大科技问题之一。近年来,根据有害生物的发生规律、作用特点及环境条件,应运而生了多种高效、安全、经济的功能化药物递送体系,不仅可以通过调控农药的持续释放来延长持效期,又可以提高农药在靶标表面上的沉积与持留,是提高农药有效性与安全性的重要途径。基于此,本文分别从靶标作物表面化学成分与微纳结构两个关键因素出发,综述了功能化载体在改善农药叶面沉积性能方面的研究概况及其发展趋势,并针对功能化载体的制备工艺、拓扑形貌、释放性能、叶面沉积与持留及其靶标生物防效等方面进行了归纳。内容主要包括利用功能分子 (多巴胺、单宁酸、聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸等) 对载体表面进行修饰改性,增加载体与靶标之间的非共价键作用,或者构建具有特殊拓扑形貌的载体 (纤维状、网络状、帽子形等),以此来增加界面传递过程中载体与靶标之间的尺寸效应,减少损失,最终提高农药的叶面沉积性能与剂量释放调控。此外,文章还分析了当前高效叶面沉积功能化载体应用中存在的问题与未来的研究方向,以期为进一步提高农药剂量传递效率开拓新的方向。

       

      Abstract: Retention, a crucial process in pesticide delivery, is closely related to pesticide utilization efficiency and environmental safety. In China, the heavy loss of pesticides in the interface transfer process is a key factor, leading to a low pesticide utilization efficiency. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable way to increase the target deposition efficiency of pesticides is of great significance and is also a major technological issue of the current agricultural development. According to the occurrence, characteristics, and environmental conditions of pests, a variety of efficient, safe, and economical multifunctional pesticide carriers emerged. Such functionalized pesticide carriers can not only regulate the continuous release of pesticides and extend their periods but also improve their retention on crop leaves, which is an important way to improve the effectiveness and safety of pesticides. Thus, the research progress on multifunctional pesticide carriers for the efficient target deposition is reviewed from two key factors: the chemical composition and micro-nano structure of crop leaves. The synthesis method, topological morphology, release performance, foliar retention, and target biological activity of the functionalized carriers have been reviewed. It includes modifying the carrier surface with functional materials (dopamine, tannic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, etc.), which enhances the non-covalent interaction between pesticides and crop leaves, or constructs carriers with special topologies (fiber-shaped, network type, hat-shaped, etc.) reducing pesticide loss through the size effect between carriers and crop leaves during the interface transfer process, and eventually improving the dosage release efficiency and foliar deposition performance. In addition, the existing problems and application prospects were also analyzed for the further improvement of pesticide utilization efficiency.

       

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