Abstract:
Neonicotinoids have been widely used as an important class of insecticides for controlling sap-feeding insects. However, increasing application scope and duration have led to the development of neonicotinoid resistance, decreasing their efficacy. In this study, a series of biphenyl eight-membered oxabridge neonicotinoid analogues were developed based on our previous work. The synergistic activities of target compounds in combination with imidacloprid against the cowpea aphid (
Aphis Craccivora) were evaluated, and the results showed that they could effectively enhance the insecticide activities of imidacloprid against
A. Craccivora. Notably, compound
D3 exhibited obvious synergistic action, causing a 4.04-fold increase in the insecticide activity of imidacloprid against
A. Craccivora at a combination concentration of 1 mg/L. This work holds great significance for addressing the resistance issues faced by traditional neonicotinoids.