Abstract: Coat protein(CP) is an important part of the genomic structure of the tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),its main function not only includes the protection of DNA from degradation,but also has a close relationship with the TMV long-distance movement and host symptoms.Presently,the study of TMV CP mainly focus on CP-mediated resistance,interference the polymerization of CP by agent and so on,while the mechanism of agent action with target CP has not been comprehensively reported.From the perspective of structural biology,the three-dimensional structure of TMV analyzed by electron microscopy and diffraction techniques using TMV CP as a molecular target was detailed;the CP gene sequences which had been reported in China was compared;the progress of applying TMV CP in genetic engineering and interfering of agent molecules with CP were reviewed.Moreover,the possible mechanism of agent(dufulin) on TMV CP was analyzed and the active sites between dufulin molecule and macromolecules of TMV CP were forecasted,which would facilitate further research and developing novel anti-TMV agents of tobacco.