河南省油菜菌核病菌对氟吡菌酰胺及其复配剂的敏感性

    Sensitivity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to fluopyram and its mixtures in Henan Province

    • 摘要: 由核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum引起的菌核病是油菜上的重要病害,严重影响油菜的产量。为明确河南省油菜菌核病菌对氟吡菌酰胺敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了2015年和2016年从河南省5个地市采集分离的127株油菜菌核病菌对氟吡菌酰胺的敏感性。结果表明:氟吡菌酰胺对供试油菜菌核病菌菌株的EC50值范围在0.0100~0.0989 μg/mL之间,平均值为 (0.0546 ± 0.0228) μg/mL。供试油菜菌核病菌菌株对氟吡菌酰胺的敏感性呈连续单峰曲线,未发现敏感性下降的亚群体,可将 (0.0546 ± 0.0228) μg/mL作为河南省油菜菌核病菌对氟吡菌酰胺的敏感性基线。同时,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了氟吡菌酰胺原药与丙硫菌唑、叶菌唑、多菌灵、咯菌腈、菌核净5种杀菌剂原药之间分别按照母液体积比1 : 5、1 : 3、1 : 1、3 : 1和5 : 1配比的复配剂对油菜菌核病菌的联合毒力。结果显示:增效系数值范围为0.51~5.86之间,不同组合、不同比例的复配剂均表现为相加作用或增效作用,其中V (氟吡菌酰胺) : V (咯菌腈) = 1 : 1时,增效系数值 (SR) 最大,增效作用最强。表明氟吡菌酰胺可以与丙硫菌唑、叶菌唑、多菌灵、咯菌腈及菌核净等杀菌剂复配使用,该研究结果可为油菜菌核病的防控提供依据。

       

      Abstract: Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a devastating disease and can significantly reduce production in oilseed rape. To determine the sensitivity of S. sclerotiorum to fluopyram, 127 S. sclerotiorum isolates were collected from different oilseed rape fields from 5 cities in Henan Province in 2015 and 2016, and the median effective concentrations (EC50 values) of fluopyram for S. sclerotiorum isolates were analyzed by the mycelial growth rate method. The result showed that the EC50 values ranged from 0.0100 to 0.0989 μg/mL, and the mean EC50 value was (0.0546 ± 0.0228) μg/mL (mean ± SD). The frequency distribution of the EC50 values for 127 S. sclerotiorum isolates was a unimodal and continuous curve, which demonstrated that there was no resistant subpopulation among these isolates. Thus, the mean EC50 value could be used as a baseline for monitoring fluopyram resistance in field isolates of S. sclerotiorum in Henan Province. The allied toxicity of fluopyram and prothioconazole, metconazole, carbendazim, fludioxonil or dimethachlone at volume ratios of 1 : 5, 1 : 3, 1 : 1, 3 : 1 and 5 : 1 to S. sclerotiorum were detected by the method of mycelial growth assay. The result showed that the mixtures of fungicides with the volume ratio of 1 : 5, 1 : 3, 1 : 1, 3 : 1, and 5 : 1 showed a synergy ratio ranging from 0.51 to 5.86, indicating an additive or synergistic inhibition effect. The mixture of fluopyram and fludioxonil with a volume ratio of 1 : 1 was demonstrated to have the strongest synergistic inhibition effect with the maximum synergy ratio. The results indicated that fluopyram be used in combination with prothioconazole, metconazole, carbendazim, fludioxonil, and dimethachlone, and these results could provide a basis in controlling the Sclerotinia stem rot caused by S. sclerotiorum.

       

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