氟啶胺对河南省小麦茎基腐病菌的抑制活性及田间防治效果

    Inhibitory activity of fluazinam on Fusarium pseudograminearum in Henan Province and its field control efficacy against wheat Fusarium crown rot

    • 摘要: 为了明确假禾谷镰刀菌对吡啶胺类药剂氟啶胺的敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了氟啶胺对2022年4—5月份从河南省各地市分离的86株假禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长的毒力,建立了敏感性基线,并开展了氟啶胺对小麦茎基腐病的田间防治效果试验。结果表明:氟啶胺对假禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长的最低抑制浓度 (MIC) 为20 μg/mL,对86个菌株菌丝生长的有效抑制中浓度 (EC50) 为0.013~0.492 μg/mL,平均EC50值为0.194 μg/mL;57株 (占总数的66.3%) 的敏感性呈近似正态分布,将其平均EC50值 (0.201±0.057) μg/mL 作为假禾谷镰刀菌对氟啶胺的敏感性基线;同一地市内菌株间敏感性差异较大,EC50最大值与最小值的比值在2.8~36.7之间,漯河差异最大,许昌差异最小;不同地市间菌株对氟啶胺的敏感性无显著性差异;河南省假禾谷镰刀菌对氟啶胺的敏感性差异与菌株的地理来源无明显关联性;菌株对氟啶胺的敏感性与其对多菌灵和戊唑醇的敏感性之间无明显相关性;采用500 g/L氟啶胺悬浮剂浸种,对小麦茎基腐病防治效果较好,伊川县、新安县两地在起身期的发病率分别降低了45.46%和56.88%,乳熟期的白穗率分别降低了8.73%和13.67%。表明500 g/L氟啶胺悬浮剂浸种对起身期小麦茎基腐病的防效较好,两地均达51%以上。本研究为氟啶胺对小麦茎基腐病的防治提供了参考。

       

      Abstract: In order to clarify the bioactivity of fluazinam to Fusarium pseudograminearum, the mycelial growth of 86 strains of F. pseudograminearum isolated from various cities in Henan Province from April to May 2022 was determined. The sensitivity baseline was established, and the field control efficacy of fluazinam on Fusarium crown rot (FCR) was determined. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of fluazinam on mycelial growth was 20 μg/mL, the effective concentration (EC50) of fluazinam on the mycelial growth of 86 strains was 0.013-0.492 μg/mL, and the average EC50 value was 0.194 μg/mL. The sensitivity of 57 strains (66.3%) was approximately normal distribution, and the average EC50 value of (0.201±0.057) μg/mL was used as the sensitivity baseline of F. pseudograminearum to fluazinam. The sensitivity of strains in the same city was quite different, and the ratio of the maximum and minimum EC50 value was 2.8-36.7. The difference in Luohe was the largest, and the difference in Xuchang was the smallest. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of strains to fluazinam in different cities. There was no significant correlation between the sensitivity of F. pseudogramine to fluazinam and the geographical origin of the strains in Henan Province. There was no significant correlation between the sensitivity to fluazinam and its sensitivity to carbendazim and tebuconazole. Seed soaking with 500 g/L fluazinam suspension concentrate (SC), the incidence of FCR in Yichuan County and Xin'an County decreased by 45.46% and 56.88%, respectively, at the double ridge stage, and the white spike rate decreased by 8.73% and 13.67%, respectively, at the milky stage. The control efficacy of seed soaking with 500 g/L fluazinam SC against FCR of wheat at the double ridge stage was better, reaching more than 51% in both places. This study laid a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of fluazinam in FCR.

       

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