水溶性包装材料对可湿性粉剂悬浮率的影响机制及提升策略

    Mechanism and improvement strategy of water-soluble packaging materials affecting the suspension rate of wettable powders

    • 摘要: 水溶性包装可以减少农药粉剂对使用者的接触和吸入风险,是当前降低粉尘危害的重要解决方案,然而水溶性包装材料本身对不同可湿性粉剂 (WP) 的悬浮率可能存在影响。为探究水溶性包装材料影响可湿性粉剂悬浮率的机制,找到合适的提升策略,本研究在确定水溶性包装材料 聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 对不同品种可湿性粉剂悬浮率存在影响的基础上,以80% 噁虫威 (bendiocarb) WP为模式药剂,按照国家相关标准,系统研究了在添加水溶性包装袋情形下,温度、水质、添加助剂等因素对制剂悬浮率的影响。结果表明:当稀释水温为17 ℃时,不同型号包装袋对80% 噁虫威WP悬浮率的影响趋势基本一致,均会使其下降至低于标准要求的70%,而在稀释水温为28 ℃时悬浮率高于70%,可达到要求;17 ℃低温且用标准硬水稀释时,水溶性包装WP稀释液悬浮率显著降低,只能维持在40%左右;在此条件下,进一步考察了添加不同价态无机盐、助悬剂及分散剂对悬浮率的影响。结果表明:当250 mL制剂中,二价态无机盐氯化镁的添加水平为0.048 mol/L时,悬浮率最高,可达到90.97%。以80% 噁虫威WP质量的1%、2%和10%作为助悬剂的用量,当助悬剂硅酸镁铝XM410的添加量水平为62 mg/g时,悬浮率最高,达到93.06%;外加不同用量的分散剂木质素磺酸钙虽然也能在一定程度提高制剂悬浮率,但其添加水平高达313 mg/g时悬浮率仍低于合格标准。综上所述,较高的稀释水温、制剂中适量添加氯化镁或硅酸镁铝能够改善水溶性包装噁虫威WP的悬浮率,保障其达到合格标准,这为水溶性包装材料的科学合理使用提供了理论依据。

       

      Abstract: Water-soluble packaging can reduce the risk of usercontact with and inhalation of pesticide powders and is currently an important solution for reducing dust hazards. However, the water-soluble packaging materials themselves may have an impact on the suspension rate of different wettable powders (WP). In order to explore the mechanism by which water-soluble packaging materials affect the suspension rate of wettable powders and find appropriate improvement strategies, based on the finding that water-soluble packaging materials have an impact on the suspension rate of different types of wettable powders, this study took bendiocarb 80% WP as the representative agent and systematically investigated the effects of factors such as temperature, water quality, and added auxiliaries on the suspension rate of the preparation when water-soluble packaging bags were added in accordance with relevant national standards. The results showed that when the dilution water temperature was 17 ℃, the influence trends of different types of packaging bags on the suspension rate of bendiocarb 80% WP were basically the same, all reducing it to below 70%. When the dilution water temperature was 28 ℃, the suspension rate was higher than 70% and met the requirements; when diluted with standard hard water at a low temperature of 17 ℃, the suspension rate of the diluted solution of water-soluble packaged WP was significantly reduced and could only be maintained at 40%; under these conditions, the effects of adding inorganic salts of different valences, suspending agents, and dispersants on the suspension rate were further investigated. The results showed that when the addition level of the divalent inorganic salt magnesium chloride was 0.048 mol/L in 250 mL of the preparation, the suspension rate was the highest, reaching 90.97%. Utilize dosages equivalent to 1%, 2% and 10% of the mass of bendiocarb 80% WP as the amounts of the suspending agents, when the addition level of the suspending agent magnesium aluminum silicate XM410 was 62 mg/g, the suspension rate was the highest, reaching 93.06%; although the addition of different amounts of the dispersant calcium lignosulfonate could also improve the suspension rate of the preparation to some extent, the suspension rate was still below the qualified standard when its dosage level was as high as 313 mg/g. In conclusion, a higher dilution water temperature and the appropriate addition of magnesium chloride or magnesium aluminum silicate to the preparation can improve the suspension rate of water-soluble packaged bendiocarb WP and ensure that it meets the qualified standards, which provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and rational use of water-soluble packaging materials.

       

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