Abstract: The residue of organophosphorus pesticides poses potential threat to the safety of agricultural products and human health, while the traditional detection techniques mostly rely on costly and bulky instruments, which are difficult to meet the requirements of instant and rapid detection. Therefore, the development of accurate, portable, and sensitive rapid detection technologies has important practical significance. At present, due to the excellent catalytic performance of manganese-based nanoenzymes and the rapid development of nanoenzyme detection technique for in pesticide residue detection, the rapid detection technology mediated by manganese-based nanoenzymes has received widespread attention. Taking the typical nanoenzyme catalyst manganese-based nanoenzymes as an example, this paper focuses on the research and application progress of rapid detection technology for the residue detection of organophosphorus pesticides, mainly from the aspects of biosensor detection, spectral detection, multimodal detection, and smartphone-assisted detection. It also looks forward to its future development direction, aiming to provide theoretical support for the further application of manganese-based nanoenzymes in the residue detection field of organophosphorus pesticides.