农药PROTAC分子创制:克服农药抗性问题的新策略

    Discovery of pesticidal PROTAC molecules: a novel strategy to overcome pesticide resistance

    • 摘要: 农药在控制农作物病虫草害、促进稳产增收方面发挥着重要作用,而新型绿色农药是保证农作物安全生产的重要手段。然而,随着抗性演变问题的日益严重,传统小分子抑制剂的局限性愈发明显。靶向蛋白降解嵌合体(proteolysis targeting chimera,PROTAC)作为一项靶向蛋白降解的新兴技术,通过诱导生物体内的泛素-蛋白酶体系统,介导目标蛋白的泛素化和降解,为新型农药的开发提供了一种不同于传统作用机制的策略,在提高农作物有害生物的防效和可持续性方面具有重要意义。本文探讨了PROTAC技术在农用化学品中,特别是在靶向“不可成药”蛋白的新型农药研发中的应用潜力,系统介绍了PROTAC技术在克服农药抗性问题以及拓宽农药靶标空间上的巨大潜力,同时梳理了目前在农田杂草、病原菌和害虫中一些尚未产生严重抗性的靶标配体及具有关键调控作用的靶标和E3泛素连接酶,旨在为未来基于PROTAC技术的农用化学品设计和研发提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Pesticides play a significant role in controlling diseases, insect pests, and weeds, ensuring stable crop yields and increased agricultural production. Novel green pesticides are crucial for guaranteeing food production security. However, with the increasingly severe problem of resistance evolution, the limitations of traditional small-molecule inhibitors have becoming increasingly apparent. Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) is an emerging targeted protein degradation technology that utilizes the ubiquitin-proteasome system within organisms to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins. This offers a strategy distinct from traditional mechanisms of action for developing novel pesticides, holding significant importance for enhancing the efficacy and sustainability of agricultural pest control. This paper explores the potential application of PROTAC technology in agrochemicals, particularly in the research and development of new pesticides targeting "undruggable" proteins. It systematically introduces the immense potential of PROTAC technology in overcoming pesticide resistance issues and expanding the target range for pesticides. Furthermore, it reviews currently available ligand binders for targets in agricultural weeds, pathogens, and insect pests where severe resistance has not yet emerged. It also covers key regulatory targets and E3 ubiquitin ligases. This review aims to provide a reference for the future design and development of agrochemicals based on PROTAC technology.

       

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