Abstract: As a colloidal system with high stability, microemulsion has shown great application prospects in pesticide creation and application, due to its excellent performance in improving the bioavailability of pesticides. To introduce the research progress in the field of pesticide microemulsions, this paper presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the pesticide microemulsion research literature in the period of 1999—2025 in the China Knowledge Network (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) databases by using the CiteSpace visualization software, which is commonly used in bibliometric studies. This paper focuses on bibliometric statistical analysis from multiple perspectives, such as the number of documents, authors, institutions, highly cited documents and keywords. It has been found that pesticide microemulsion research has focused on the physicochemical properties, formulation, and efficacy of microemulsions; Research hotspots have shifted toward the synergistic mechanisms by which pesticide active ingredients exert their functions and the safety impacts on non-target organisms. Pesticide microemulsion research shows three main development patterns: 1) Research focuses on highly efficient, low-toxicity, hydrophobic active ingredients; 2) Research is mostly concentrated on improving stability and bioactivity; 3) Research is gradually moving towards greener practices. This paper comprehensively describes the relevant research in the field of pesticide microemulsions over the past 27 years, providing a reference for the technological innovation of microemulsions, the creation of new green pesticides and the sustainable development of microemulsions.