EO/PO嵌段聚醚改性有机硅对药液在苹果叶片润湿持留行为的调控作用

    Regulation of EO/PO block polyether-modified silicone adjuvant on the wetting and retention behavior of pesticide on apple leaves

    • 摘要: 为实现苹果树杀虫剂的对靶高效利用,通过测定表面张力、接触角、黏附张力和最大稳定持留量(Rm)等指标,评价了新型EO/PO嵌段聚醚改性有机硅助剂对22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂 (SC) 药液在苹果叶片润湿持留行为的影响,并进行了田间药效试验验证。结果显示:EO/PO嵌段聚醚改性有机硅助剂临界胶束浓度(CMC)为0.027%;当添加浓度高于CMC时 (0.05%) ,22%氟啶虫胺腈SC药液表面张力降低69.61%,在苹果叶片近轴面和远轴面的接触角分别降低82.55%和100%,黏附张力分别由–11.96 mN/m和–44.86 mN/m增大至约21 mN/m。添加浓度低于CMC时,药液最大稳定持留量随助剂添加浓度增加表现为先升后降的趋势,在添加浓度为0.01%时达到最高,为19.05 mg/cm2;助剂添加浓度高于CMC后则出现一定程度下降并进入平台期,但均显著高于未添加助剂的处理。田间验证结果显示,药后3 d和7 d,添加0.05% EO/PO嵌段聚醚改性有机硅助剂并减少用药量20%后,22%氟啶虫胺腈SC对苹果黄蚜的防效分别比未添加助剂且未减少药量时提高了17.73%和10.51%,差异显著 (P < 0.05)。研究表明,EO/PO嵌段聚醚改性有机硅助剂可显著降低药液表面张力,提高药液在苹果叶片表面的润湿、黏附和沉积性能,实现减量增效作用。

       

      Abstract: To achieve targeted utilization efficiency of pesticide in apple trees, the influence of the concentration of EO/PO block polyether-modified silicone adjuvant on the wetting and deposition behavior of sulfoxaflor 22% SC was studied by measuring parameters such as surface tension, contact angle, adhesion tension and the maximum stable retention (Rm), then field trial was conducted. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of EO/PO block polyether-modified silicone was 0.027%, when the added concentration was greater than CMC (0.05%), the surface tension of the sulfoxaflor 22% SC was reduced by 69.61%, the contact angles on adaxial and abaxial surface were decreased by 82.55% and 100%, respectively, the adhesion tension on both surfaces increased from −11.96 mN/m and −44.86 mN/m, respectively, to approximately 21 mN/m. When the added concentration of EO/PO was lower than CMC, the Rm initially increased and then decreased with the increasing adjuvant concentration, reaching a maximum of 19.05 mg/cm2 at 0.01%. After exceeding CMC, the Rm declined slightly and entered a plateau phase, but remained significantly higher than that of the control without adjuvant. The results of field trials showed that when 0.05% EO/PO block polyether-modified silicone was added and the usage of pesticide was reduced by 20%, the control efficacy of sulfoxaflor 22% SC against Aphis citricola increased by 17.73% and 10.51% at 3 d and 7 d after treatment, respectively, compared with the treatment without adjuvant and dosage-reduction. In summary, the EO/PO block polyether-modified silicone adjuvant can reduce the surface tension of the pesticide solution, as well as improve the wettability, adhesion and deposition on apple leaves, achieve the effects of reducing dosage while enhancing efficacy.

       

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