美国白蛾性信息素(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-环氧-3,6-二十一碳二烯消旋体的合成

    Synthesis of racemic (3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-heneicosadiene, the sex pheromone of the Hyphantria cunea

    • 摘要: 美国白蛾是一种世界性检疫害虫,对我国林业和园林绿化造成了重大损失。利用美国白蛾性信息素对其进行诱捕,具有选择性高、用量少、绿色环保等优点,(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-环氧-3,6-二十一碳二烯是美国白蛾性信息素的关键成分之一,设计开发其合成工艺路线对于美国白蛾信息素的推广应用具有重要意义。本研究设计了一条合成该活性成分的工艺路线:以2-(2-炔丙基氧)四氢吡喃为原料,经卤代烃亲核取代、醋酸镍/硼氢化钠催化氢化、Appel反应、亚铜催化偶联、间氯过氧苯甲酸(m-CPBA)环氧化、硝酸铈铵(CAN)氧化等共12步反应,以12.6%的总收率实现了目标分子双键的顺式选择性合成。该路线的主要优势在于中间体性质稳定、易于分离纯化,为该性信息素的工业化生产提供了一条可行的工艺路径。

       

      Abstract: Hyphantria cunea is a worldwide quarantine pest that has currently inflicted substantial losses on forestry and landscape greening in China. The trapping of this pest using its sex pheromone features high selectivity, low dosage, and environmental friendliness. (3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-heneicosadiene is one of the key components of the H. cunea sex pheromone, and the design and development of its synthetic process route are of great significance for the popularization and application of the H. cunea sex pheromone. This research designs a synthetic process route taking 2- (2-propynyloxy)tetrahydropyran as the starting material, the target molecule was synthesized with cis-selectivity of double bonds in an overall yield of 12.6% via 12 reaction steps, including nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, nickel acetate/sodium borohydride catalyzed hydrogenation, Appel reaction, copper-catalyzed coupling, epoxidation with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA), and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)-catalyzed oxidation. The main advantages of this route lie in the stable properties and easy separation and purification of the intermediates, providing a feasible technical path for the industrial preparation of this sex pheromone.

       

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