Abstract: In order to better assess the comprehensive effect of pesticide use on human health and ecological environment, a pesticide trace model and its index system were constructed by ultilizing compound properties data resource on pesticide active ingredient, considering comprehensively the quantification of health and environmental impact, the representativeness of parameters, the standardization of test methods, the authority and integrity of available data, and the convenience of the calculation/validation process. The pesticide trace index, reflecting the human health and environmental impact of pesticides, could be calculated by means of the pesticide trace model. Combined with the data of pesticide application dose, the pesticide trace could be calculated and compared quantitatively in different time and space scales. The theoretical result from the model for 70 representative pesticides show that pesticide trace indexes were in range of 0.002-111.348 PTU/kg. Pesticide traces produced by once dose were in range of 0.001-41.412 PTU/hm², with significant difference between pesticide varieties. The pesticide trace model could be applied in a wide range, such as pesticide trace index use for classification of integrated pesticide hazards, pesticide trace accounting use for pesticide reduction evaluation, pesticide trace limit use for establishment of pesticide application limit standard and so on.