高双, 田润泽, 刘召阳, 冯浩, 黄丽丽. 戊唑醇抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的形态毒理学研究[J]. 农药学学报, 2020, 22(5): 769-774. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2020.0138
    引用本文: 高双, 田润泽, 刘召阳, 冯浩, 黄丽丽. 戊唑醇抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的形态毒理学研究[J]. 农药学学报, 2020, 22(5): 769-774. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2020.0138
    GAO Shuang, TIAN Runze, LIU Zhaoyang, FENG Hao, HUANG Lili. Morpho-toxicological study of tebuconazole against Valsa mali[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2020, 22(5): 769-774. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2020.0138
    Citation: GAO Shuang, TIAN Runze, LIU Zhaoyang, FENG Hao, HUANG Lili. Morpho-toxicological study of tebuconazole against Valsa mali[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2020, 22(5): 769-774. DOI: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2020.0138

    戊唑醇抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的形态毒理学研究

    Morpho-toxicological study of tebuconazole against Valsa mali

    • 摘要: 为揭示苹果树腐烂病防控常用药剂戊唑醇的杀菌机理,本研究通过显微技术观察了戊唑醇对苹果树腐烂病致病菌苹果黑腐皮壳菌Valsa mali 孢子萌发、菌丝形态及细胞结构的影响。结果发现:戊唑醇能够抑制病原菌孢子萌发,但不影响孢子的膨大,主要是抑制其芽管的伸长,使芽管畸形、增粗、分枝增多等,从而不能正常侵入寄主。经戊唑醇处理后,病原菌菌丝形态和细胞结构均发生了明显变化,主要表现为:菌丝顶端膨大、分枝增多,菌丝增粗等;细胞隔膜增多且不规则增厚,细胞壁不规则增厚,线粒体增多、膜增厚或不规则缢缩,细胞核增多、核仁弥散,细胞液泡化严重,形成空腔,原生质外渗,细胞最终坏死等。同时,在已坏死的菌丝内可发现子菌丝,且子菌丝也表现出异常现象,如细胞壁不规则增厚、线粒体数量增多及细胞质坏死等。研究表明,戊唑醇不仅对苹果树腐烂病菌孢子萌发具有一定影响,并可导致芽管和菌丝细胞畸形,从而显著抑制病菌的成功侵染。该结果可为采用戊唑醇淋刷树干进行病害预防提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract: Tebuconazole serves as a common agent to prevent and control apple tree Valsa canker. In order to reveal the germicidal mechanism of tebuconazole, the effects of tebuconazole to the germination, hyphal morphology and cell structure of the spores were investigated through microscopic techniques. It was found that tebuconazole could inhibit spore germination, mainly by inhibiting the elongation of germ tubes, causing malformation, thickening, and branching of germ tubes. However, it did not affect the swelling of spores, resulting in the unsuccessful invasion of the spores. The morphology and cell structure of the mycelium also changed significantly when they were treated by the fungicide. The morphological changes of mycelium were mainly swelling, increased hyphal branches and coarsened hyphae, and etc. The cytological changes mainly included increasing and thickening of cell septum, irregular thickening of cell wall, increased and membrane, thickened or irregular contracture of mitochondria, increased nucleus, nucleoli dispersion, severe cell vacuolation, extravasation of protoplasts, cell necrosis, and etc. Meanwhile, progeny mycelium was found in the necrotic hyphae, and it also exhibited abnormal phenomena, including irregular thickening of cell wall, increased number of mitochondria, and cytoplasmic necrosis, and etc. In this study, it was found that tebuconazole could not only affect the germination of Valsa mali, but also cause malformation of germ tubes and hyphae cells, which could significantly inhibit the successful infection of V. mali. The results provide an important theoretical basis for disease prevention by using tebuconazole to spray tree trunks in the field.

       

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