农药雾滴雾化沉积飘失研究进展

王潇楠; 齐鹏; 于聪伟; 何雄奎

doi:10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0111

农药雾滴雾化沉积飘失研究进展

doi: 10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2022.0111

王潇楠^{1, 2,},
齐鹏^1,,
于聪伟¹,
何雄奎^1, ,

1.
中国农业大学药械与施药技术研究中心，北京 100193
2.
广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室，广州 510640

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(31761133019)；国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-20，CARS-32-13)

详细信息

作者简介:
王潇楠，wangxiaonan@gdaas.cn

齐鹏，qi-peng@139.com

通讯作者:
何雄奎，xiongkui@cau.edu.cn

中图分类号: S252.3；TQ450.1
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- 文章访问数: 426
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-26
- 录用日期: 2022-09-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-26
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-10

Research and development of atomization, deposition and drift of pesticide droplets

WANG Xiaonan^{1, 2
,},
QI Peng^1
,,
YU Congwei¹,
HE Xiongkui^{1
, ,}

1.
Centre for Chemicals Application Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
2.
Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640, China

Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31761133019); China Agriculture Research System (CARS-28-20, CARS-32-13).

摘要

摘要: 农药、植保机械与施药技术为植物化学保护的三大支柱，其中施药技术是连接农药学科和植保机械学科的关键环节，是农药从研发到田间应用的“最后一公里”。农药科学使用并不是一个简单的选择农药和施药量的药物学问题，而是涉及作物学、植物保护学、农业工程学、气象学等多学科交叉的系统工程。本文就农药雾滴雾化与运动特性、沉积与分布状态、流失与飘失行为，以及害虫行为与农药雾滴雾化运动和沉积分布关系等方面的研究进展展开综述，总结该方面的理论与实践经验，可为提高植保机械水平与施药质量、提高农药利用率与防治效果、减轻农药负面影响、提高粮食与食品安全提供参考。
- 植保机械 /
- 施药技术 /
- 农药雾滴 /
- 雾化 /
- 沉积与飘失
Abstract: Pesticides, plant protection machinery and application technology are the three pillars of plant chemical protection, of which application technology is the key link between pesticides and plant protection machinery. It is the "last mile" from pesticide research to field application. The scientific use of pesticides is not a simple pharmacological problem of pesticide selection and application dosage, but involves plant protection, agricultural mechanics, meteorology and other disciplines, forming an interdisciplinary combination of systemic engineering. This paper presents a review of pesticide droplet atomization and movement characteristics, deposition and distribution status, loss and drift behavior, and the relationship between pest behavior and pesticide droplet atomization movement and deposition distribution. The purpose of summarizing the theoretical and practical experiences in these areas is to improve the standards and quality of plant protection machinery, pesticide utilization, control effects and food safety, as well as reducing the negative impacts of pesticides. In addition, these theories and practices provide technical methods and equipment support to improve the quality and efficiency of crops and to protect agroecological and human environments.
- plant protection machinery /
- application technology /
- pesticide droplet /
- atomization /
- deposition and drift

HTML全文

图 1 农药雾化沉积全程及影响因素

Figure 1. Pesticide atomization deposition process and the influence of its factors

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图 2 液膜破碎形成喷雾雾滴的原理图^[27]

Figure 2. Schematic of a plane liquid sheet breakup leading to spray formation^[27]

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图 3 雾滴形成方式^[36]

Figure 3. Droplet breakup method^[36]

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图 4 Cassie 润湿模型^[48]

Figure 4. Cassie wetting model^[48]

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图 5 Cassie-Baxter模型^[49]

Figure 5. Cassie-Baxter Model^[49]

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图 6 润湿方式^[50]

a. Cassieair捕获；b. Wenzel方式；c. Cassie浸渍；d. 混合方式。　　　　　　　

Figure 6. Wetting regimes^[50]

a. The Cassieair-trapping; b. The Wenzel; c. The Cassie impregnating; d. Mixed.

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图 7 不同大小雾滴在靶标上的沉积方式^[24]

a. 破裂/弹跳；b. 雾滴沉积 (最佳喷雾粒径)；c. 雾滴流失/飘失 (细与及极细雾滴)；d. 雾滴流失 (大与特大细雾滴)。

Figure 7. The deposition mode of different size of droplets on the target^[24]

a. Rupture/bounce; b. Droplet deposition (optimum spray size); c. Droplet loss/drift (fine and very fine droplets); d. Droplet loss (large & extra fine droplets).

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图 8 液滴变形过程示意图^[53]

a. 黏附；b. 反弹；c. 铺展；d. 沸腾破碎；e. 反弹破碎；f. 破碎；g.飞溅。

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of droplet deformation process^[53]

a. Adherence; b. Rebound; c. Spread out; d. Boiling crushing; e. Rebound crushing; f. Crushing; g. Splash.

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图 9 雾滴聚并的几种不同情况^[72]

Figure 9. Several different cases of droplet aggregation^[72]

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图 10 自然风速下雾滴飘失

a. 自然顺风；b. 自然侧风；c. 顺风飘失；d. 侧风飘失；e. 蒸发飘失；f. 飘失。

Figure 10. Droplet drift at natural wind speed

a. Natural downwind; b. Natural sidewind; c. Downwind drift; d. Sidewind drift; e. Vapor drift; f. Drift loss.

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