助剂对20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油润湿性能及对空心莲子草防效的影响
Influence of adjuvants on the wettability and the control efficacy against Alternanthera philoxerordes of 20% fluroxypyr emulsifiable concentrate
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摘要: 通过田间小区试验,验证了不同助剂对20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油(EC)防除空心莲子草的增效作用,并系统研究了不同助剂对20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC药液在空心莲子草叶面润湿性能的影响。结果表明:添加氮酮、油酸甲酯或聚三硅氧烷可显著提高20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC对空心莲子草地上部分鲜重及再生能力的抑制效果,其中以添加聚三硅氧烷的处理增效最为显著,添加聚三硅氧烷后,20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC对空心莲子草地上部分鲜重、再生茎叶鲜重的抑制率分别为86.95%和81.66%;添加氮酮、油酸甲酯或聚三硅氧烷后,20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC药液在空心莲子草叶面的表面张力显著降低,接触角减小,滞留量增加,其中以添加聚三硅氧烷的处理效果最为显著,添加聚三硅氧烷后,20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC的初始接触角小于50°,180 s时接触角均小于15°,表面张力为25.09 mN/m,滞留量为1.891 g/cm2;添加氮酮或聚三硅氧烷可缩短20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC药液在空心莲子草叶面正、反面的干燥时间,而添加油酸甲酯则会延长其干燥时间。研究表明,添加助剂改善了20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC药液在空心莲子草叶面的润湿性能,可能是助剂提高20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC对空心莲子草防效的原因之一。Abstract: The influence of adjuvants on the wettability and the efficacy of 20% fluroxypyr emulsifiable concentrate(EC) on Alternanthera philoxerordes was studied. The results showed that fluroxypyr mixed with silicone more significantly inhibited the growth and regenerative ability of A.philoxerordes than that mixed with azone or methyl oleate. The inhibitions of fresh weight of shoots and regenerative shoots of A.philoxerordes were 86.95% and 81.66%, respectively. The surface tension values and the contact angles of 20% fluroxypyr EC solutions were decreased significantly when azone, methyl oleate or organosilicone trisiloxane was added, but the leaf retentions were increased. After adding azone or organosilicone surfactants in herbicide solutions, the drying time were shorten except the case using methyl oleate. The wettabilities of herbicide solutions were improved after adding surfactants. There are some relationships between the change of physical characteristics and the enhancement effect of 20% fluroxypyr EC on A.philoxerordes.
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