三种生物醇烟草抑芽剂乳油的制备与抑芽效果评价

    Preparation and bud-inhibiting efficacy evaluation of three bio-alcohol-based tobacco bud inhibitor emulsifiable concentrates

    • 摘要: 制备了3种生物醇烟草抑芽剂乳油,系统评价了其性能、稀释液特性及田间抑芽效果。分别以月桂醇、肉豆蔻醇及C12~C14混合醇为原料,按比例称取生物醇和溶剂、助剂,混合制成抑芽剂乳油。结果表明:3种生物醇烟草抑芽剂均具有良好的贮存稳定性,其稀释液粒径均匀,表面张力均低于30 mN/m;润湿性强,液滴与烟草腋芽的接触角均低于35°;附着能力强,持留量均高于0.02 g/cm2。烟草打顶后抑芽试验结果表明,C12~C14混合醇和肉豆蔻醇抑芽剂分别稀释25倍和50倍后施药,药后20和40 d均表现出优异且持久的抑芽效果,其中C12~C14混合醇(25倍)在药后40 d的抑芽率达91.06%,抑芽效果达97.61%,显著优于化学对照药剂25%氟节胺乳油;月桂醇抑芽剂在初期效果良好,但持效性较差。本研究认为,生物醇类烟草抑芽剂在抑芽效率和施用安全性方面具有显著优势,具备替代传统化学抑芽剂的潜力,符合烟草绿色生产的发展需求。

       

      Abstract: Three types of bio-alcohol-based emulsifiable concentrates for tobacco bud inhibition were prepared, and their properties, dilution characteristics, and field bud inhibition effects were systematically evaluated. Specificlly, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, and C12~C14 mixed alcohol served as raw materials, which were proportionally blended with solvents, and additives to formulate the emulsifiable concentrates. The results indicated that all three bio-alcohol-based tobacco bud inhibitors exhibited good storage stability, forming uniform emulsions upon dilution with surface tensions consistently below 30 mN/m. They demonstrated strong wettability, with contact angles of droplets on tobacco axillary buds remaining below 35°, alongside superior adhesion properties, achieving retention amounts exceeding 0.02 g/cm2. Post-topping inhibition tests indicated that the C12~C14 mixed alcohol and myristyl alcohol inhibitors, applied at dilutions of 25-fold and 50-fold, respectively, provided sustained and effective bud inhibition at both 20 and 40 days after treatment. Notably, the C12~C14 mixed alcohol inhibitor at a 25-fold dilution achieved a bud inhibition rate of 91.06% and a bud inhibition efficacy of 97.61% at 40 days after application, significantly outperforming the chemical control, 25% flumetralin emulsifiable concentrate. While the lauryl alcohol-based inhibitor showed good initial efficacy but limited persistence. This study suggests that bio-alcohol-based tobacco bud inhibitors offer significant advantages in both bud-inhibiting efficiency and application safety, highlighting their potential as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional chemical agents for sustainable tobacco production.

       

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