Effects of Bacillus subtilis B1514 wettable powder on the control effects of wheat sharp eyespot, the soil microflora communities and the yield of wheat

In order to evaluate the application prospects of Bacillus subtilis B1514 wettable powder (WP) in the control of wheat sharp eyespot, field experiments were conducted in Wen'an, Xianxian, Zaoqiang, Xinji in Hebei province of China from 2014 to 2015. The control effects of B1514 WP on wheat sharp eyespot were investigated. The decomposition effects of B1514 WP on corn stalk were determined by weight loss method. The effects of B1514 WP on soil microflora communities were studied by dilution plate method. The effects on the growth and yield of wheat were also evaluated. The results showed that, from overwintering stage to jointing stage, the control effect of B1514 WP was significantly higher than that of B1514 tablet, but lower than that of tebuconazole wet seed dressing agents (WS). At maturity stage, the average control effect of B1514 WP detected in Xinji, Zaoqiang and Xianxian stations was 64.0%, with no difference with that of tebuconazole WS, and it was 7.2% higher than that of B1514 tablet. The control effect in Wen'an station was 65.2%, with no difference with that of B1514 tablet, but the control effect was significantly lower than that of tebuconazole WS. At maturity stage, the accumulative degradability rate of B1514 WP on corn stalks was 64.2%, which is 38.6% higher than that of the control group, albeit no difference with that of B1514 tablet and straw decomposition agent. After treated by B1514 WP, the number of cultivate bacteria was increased by 92.8%, and the number of fungi was decreased by 48.4%, while the number of actinomyces did not change. The wheat plant height and the number of tillering were increased by 8% and by 12% compared with those of control, respectively. The average yield in four stations was 7 545 kg/hm2 and was 6.8%, 5.5%, 9.3% and 10.9% significantly higher than those treated with B1514 tablet, tebuconazole WS, decomposition agent and the control group, respectively. This study demonstrates that B1514 WP has good prevention effect on Wheat Sheath Blight, and can accelerate straw decomposition, increase the number of bacteria in soil, reduce the number of fungi, and promote the wheat growth and the yield.