Ultrastructure and Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase activities on parietal muscle of Mythimna separata larvae treated by haedoxane E

Haedoxane E, isolated from Phryma leptostachya L. exhibited significant insecticidal activity against some insect species. In this paper, the action mode of haedoxane E to Mythimna separata larvae was studied. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that haedoxane E could induce evident pathological changes in muscle cells, including nucleus pyknosis and deformation, chromatin condensation, serious disruption of mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum dilation, disordered arrangement of myofibril, and the appearance of numerous multivesicular bodies. At the same time, haedoxane E inhibited the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase. Therefore, haedoxane E is possibly a muscle toxin which acts on muscular tissue.