Research progress on the molecular mechanisms of insecticides resistance mediated by detoxification enzymes and transporters

Insecticides resistance is a key threat to the application of insecticides. The elucidation of molecular mechanisms of insecticides resistance is the basis for the integrated pest management. The increased metabolism of insecticides is an important reason for insecticide resistance. Cytochrome P450 enzyme systems (P450s), carboxylesterases (CarEs), glutathione S-transferases(GSTs), UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in insects. The molecular mechanisms of those five detoxification enzymes and transporter systems participated in insecticide resistance were summarized according to the research progress in the recent years. Finally, the outlook of new methods for insect control were provided.