Employing syringe-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction for precision detection of five fungicide residues in beverages

In this study, a green, economical and easy-to-use syringe-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction method was developed for the rapid detection of the residues of 5 fungicides (azoxystrobin, triadimefon, chlorothalonil, cyprodinil, trifloxystrobin) in two fruit juices (grape juice and apple juice) as well as two tea drink samples (green tea and black tea). A novel extraction material was prepared by coating ionic liquids on β-cyclodextrin/attapulgite, and a series of test experiments for the condition optimization of the method were conducted using liquid chromatography for detection. Results revealed that the optimal condition of the method used 40 mg of extraction material and 600 μL of acetone for elution, and 6 dispersion cycles and 7 elution cycles were performed. The detection limits (LOD) for the 5 compounds were 0.03-0.38 μg/L, and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.09-1.15 μg/L, with the enrichment factors ranged from 121 to 201. The linear detection range of the five fungicides was 5 to 500 μg/L, with the coefficient of determination (R²) ranging from 0.9982 to 0.9999. The fortified recoveries were 91%-102%. It showed that the method had good precision and accuracy. The testing results for real samples indicated that the syringe-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction technology can be used for the extraction of residual fungicides in beverages.