Research progress on microbial degradation of pesticide residues based on bacterial biofilm

Pesticide residue pollution in farmland soil is a key factor affecting the safe production of agricultural products. Microbial degradation is a resourceful, efficient, environmentally friendly, and convenient pesticide residue degradation technology. However, it is not significant effective in the practical field application due to its susceptibility to environmental factors. Therefore, stabilizing and enhancing the field activity of degrading bacteria has become a bottleneck in the industrialization of pesticide residue biodegradation technology. Biofilm is a complex community structure formed by bacteria through the secretion of polysaccharides and proteins and other extracellular polymers, which can surround themselves and adhere to the solid surface. Microorganisms exist in the form of biofilms in soil due to the multi-phase and dispersed characteristics of soil environment. The biofilms plays a positive role in enhancing bacteria's resistance to complex environmental stress, improving the degradation ability of pesticide residues, and maintaining soil health. It overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional free-living bacteria direct-injection remediation technology, such as low efficiency, short persistence period, and insensitivity to low concentration pesticide residues. In recent years, research on bacterial biofilms has been applied to bioremediation of water and soil pollution with significant success. On this basis, this article systematically expounds on the degradation mechanism of bacteria biofilm for pesticide residues in soil, analyzes the advantages and ways of using active bacterial biofilms to promote the soil remediation efficiency of pesticide residue pollutions, and proposes innovative research ideas based on bacterial biofilms to enhance soil resistance to pesticide stress and promote soil health. This article provides reference for improving the environment of the production areas of agricultural products and improving the quality and safety of agricultural products.